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Category Archives: Microbiology
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
The lower respiratory tract is defined as below and including the larynx. Due to the mucociliary escalator, the complex and abundant bacterial flora of the upper tract is much reduced in the larynx and trachea, and the bronchi are sterile in health. Respiratory tract infections … Continue reading
Mycobacterium
Posted in Microbiology
Tagged Microbiology, Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium power point presentation
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Upper Respiratory Tract Infections
The upper respiratory tract is the initial site of infection or a site of colonisation for most infections of the respiratory tract. It is also the site for a number of resident organisms, the prevalence of which will vary in … Continue reading
Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases
Epidemiology is ‘the study of the occurrence, distribution and control of disease in populations. The risk of infection is not just dependent upon an individual’s susceptibility but on the level of disease within the population, the degree of population mixing … Continue reading
Viroids, Prions and Virinos
These infectious agents are simpler than viruses. Viroids cause, predominantly, plant diseases such as potato spindle-tuber disease. They consist of circular, single-stranded RNA, usually 250 to 370 nucleotides long. In plants they are found mainly in the nucleolus, but little … Continue reading
What are Helminths?
Helminths (from the Greek helminthos, meaning worm) refers to all parasitic worms of humans. They are complex, multicellular organisms, ranging in size from the microscopic filarial parasites to the giant tapeworms, several metres in length. Sexual reproduction occurs in all … Continue reading
Posted in Microbiology
Tagged cestodes, filaria, flukes, Helminths, hermaphordite, Microbiology, nematodes, parthenogenesis, roundworm, tapeworms, trematodes
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Protozoa-Basic Facts
Protozoa, from the Greek meaning ‘first animal’, refers to simple, eukaryotic organisms composed of a microscopic single cell. Reproduction is through simple asexual cell division, or binary fission, in which two daughter cells are formed or, if many daughter cells … Continue reading
Posted in Microbiology
Tagged amoebae, apicomplexa, ciliates, Diagnosis and treatment, flagellates, Microbiology, protozoa
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Fungi
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that comprise yeasts, moulds (filamentous fungi) and higher fungi (mushrooms and toadstools). They are widely distributed in the environment and can survive in extreme conditions where nutrients limited. Most fungi are saprophytes (living off dead organic … Continue reading
Posted in Microbiology
Tagged disease caused by fungi, fungi, Microbiology, moulds, mycology, mycoses, subcutaneous mycoses, superficial mycoses, systemic mycoses, yeast
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Viruses
What are viruses and how they work?
Bacteria
What are Bacteria? Bacteria are microscopic organisms whose single cells have neither a membrane-enclosed nucleus nor other membrane-enclosed organelles like mitochondria, chloroplasts etc. Properties of Bacteria Prokaryotic (no membrane-enclosed nucleus). No mitochondria or chloroplasts. a single chromosome A closed circle … Continue reading
Medical Education for Undergraduate MD Students 